Common diseases in poultry

1. Newcastle disease (ND), commonly known as Asian chicken plague, is an acute viral infectious disease that is highly sensitive to chickens in poultry. The main sources of infection are infected and dead chickens.

The virus can enter the body through the respiratory and digestive tracts, as well as the conjunctiva, cloaca, and damaged skin. This disease can occur in any season and any breed of chicken.

Main symptoms and pathological changes: sudden onset of disease in a flock of chickens, high mortality rate, mental depression, reduced or stopped eating, accumulation of a large amount of mucus in the mouth and nose, difficulty breathing, frequent gurgling, and yellow green or white loose stools. Egg laying hens have a sharp decline in egg production or produce soft shell eggs. Long course subacute or chronic disease chickens often exhibit neurological symptoms, leg and wing paralysis, head and neck deviation, and motor disorders.

An autopsy reveals bleeding spots, bleeding spots, or ulcers in the glandular gastric mucosal papilla, island or jujube shaped ulcer lesions and bleeding in the small intestine mucosa, as well as bleeding in the thymus, pectoral muscles, rectum, cecum, and tonsils.

Prevention and control: ① Establish and improve health and epidemic prevention systems; ② Effectively carry out preventive vaccination; ③ After the occurrence of this disease, immediately block and isolate the affected chicken flock, and thoroughly disinfect them; ④ The bodies, feces, and bedding of dead chickens should be incinerated and deeply buried for disinfection.

2. Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an infectious disease that mainly affects young chickens, with high contact infectivity. The virus spreads through direct contact or through intermediate vectors carrying the virus, and the main invasion routes are the respiratory and digestive tracts.

Main symptoms and pathological changes: The chicks show sudden onset and death, with mental lethargy, loss of appetite, soft or white watery stools, drooping wings, and dullness. Severely ill chickens die from severe exhaustion, and some sick chickens recover after a few days, but their development and weight gain are slow. Upon autopsy, it can be seen that the cyst of the Fahrenheit is large, with a yellowish white or grayish white color, and mucosal bleeding. In severe cases, it appears as a "purple grape" shape. Sometimes there is slight bleeding in the thigh and chest muscles. Kidney enlargement with urate blockage in the ureter.

Prevention and treatment: ① do a good job in vaccine immunization; ② Quickly inject high immunity egg yolk solution into the early stage of the disease in the chicken flock; ③ Strengthen feeding management and hygiene and epidemic prevention measures; ④ Control secondary infections.

3. Malik's disease (MD) is a viral infectious disease that mainly affects chickens. Its susceptibility decreases with age, and infected and infected chickens are the main sources of infection. It can be transmitted through the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and feathers of infected chickens.

Main symptoms and lesions: ① Neurological type: leg paralysis, in a "split" position, wings drooping, iris cloudy, emaciation, visible sciatic or pterygeal nerve enlargement, disappearance of transverse stripes. ② Tumor type: Skin nodules or tumors in internal organs such as liver, kidney, heart, etc., causing mental depression, decreased appetite, progressive emaciation, and sudden death.

Prevention and control: ① Strictly implement the hygiene and disinfection system, disinfect the breeding eggs, newborn chicks, and nursery houses; ② Take the vaccination seriously for one day old chicks, and try to inject bivalent or trivalent vaccines into the breeding chicks as much as possible.

4. Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a disease that only affects chickens and is more common in chicks. Sick chickens and infected chickens after recovery are the main sources of infection, which can be transmitted from the respiratory and digestive tracts.

Main symptoms and lesions: ① Respiratory type: open mouth breathing, sneezing, coughing, and rales in the trachea. Weakness throughout the body, fear of cold, mental lethargy, poor appetite, loose feathers, and discharge of white feces. The egg production rate of laying hens has sharply decreased, and the quality of eggs has deteriorated. The lesion shows cheese like exudate in the trachea, bronchi, and nasal cavity Kidney type: The follicles of laying hens are congested, and early infection can cause atrophy of the fallopian tubes, forming a "false hen" with enlarged and pale kidneys.

Prevention and treatment: Currently, there is no effective drug treatment available. ① Strictly implement hygiene and epidemic prevention measures such as quarantine, isolation, and disinfection; ② Strengthen environmental control, provide high-quality feed, and enhance the resistance of chickens; ③ Vaccination is administered using nasal drops, eye drops, or drinking water for attenuated vaccines, and subcutaneous or intramuscular injections for inactivated vaccines.

5. Infectious Laryngotrachitis (ILT) in chickens is characterized by symptoms typical of adult chickens, which are transmitted through the respiratory tract and conjunctiva.

Main symptoms and pathological changes: critically ill chickens lift their heads, stretch their necks, pant, cough, sneeze, have difficulty breathing, increase in body temperature, decreased appetite, mental depression, diarrhea, and cough up bloody mucus. Mild chickens suffer from conjunctivitis, tears, nasal juice, swelling of the infraorbital sinus, and rarely die, but the egg laying rate decreases. The main lesions are bleeding and mucus in the throat and upper end of the trachea. In severe cases, the trachea is blocked, affecting breathing and leading to suffocation and death.

Prevention and control: ① Adhere to strict isolation and disinfection system, pay attention to ventilation and ventilation; ② Get vaccinated as soon as possible, using eye drops or nasal drops, not using aerosol or drinking water methods; ③ Pay attention to controlling diseases such as secondary mold and Escherichia coli.

6. Chicken pox (pox) is caused by the smallpox virus. Sick or infected chickens are the main source of infection.

Main symptoms and lesions: ① Skin type: Firstly, grayish white small papules appear, merging to form dry, rough, and brownish scabs; ② Mucosal type: Cheese (cooked egg yolk) like pseudomembranes can be seen on the mucous membranes of the larynx and trachea, gradually expanding and thickening, causing blockage in the oral and pharyngeal areas, leading to difficulty breathing and swallowing disorders; ③ Mixed type: Simultaneously occurring lesions on the skin and oral mucosa, with severe condition and high mortality rate.

Prevention and treatment: Currently, there is no specific medication for treatment, and the effective method is vaccination.

7. Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS-76) is a viral disease that does not show obvious symptoms in clinical practice, mainly due to a sharp decrease in egg production rates in chicken flocks. This disease can be transmitted to chicks through breeding eggs.

Main symptoms and lesions: The chicken flock suddenly experiences a collective decline in egg production, abnormal egg bodies, lighter brown shell egg color, and decreased egg quality. Some chickens exhibit fluffy feathers, anemia, and diarrhea.

Prevention and control: ① Strengthen hygiene and disinfection work; ② Injecting vaccines; ③ Vitamins, calcium, and protein can be added appropriately.

8. Avian influenza (AI), once known as "chicken plague," is a viral disease that infects the respiratory, intestinal, or nervous systems of various birds. Depending on the serotype of the virus, it can be classified into low pathogenic and high pathogenic types.

Main symptoms and lesions: Sick chickens cough, sneeze, tracheal rales, tearing, decreased egg production, dysentery, eyelid edema, and neurological symptoms. Typical lesions include facial cyanosis and edema, ovarian congestion, bleeding, and rupture. Abdominal fat, various mucous membranes, serosa, and leg and claw scales are bleeding. Internal organs may have necrotic foci.

Prevention and control: There is no reliable vaccine for this disease, and it mainly relies on comprehensive prevention and strengthened quarantine to avoid infection in chicken flocks.

9. Avian encephalomyelitis (AE) is a viral disease that mainly affects young chickens, characterized by motor disorders and head and neck tremors. Laying hens may experience a sudden drop in egg production.

Main symptoms and lesions: Natural occurrence usually occurs at 1-2 weeks of age, initially manifested as poor mental health, slightly dull eyes, followed by head and neck tremors, motor disorders, back and forth shaking, and finally losing control of movement, unable to exercise, but still having appetite, until exhaustion and death due to insufficient diet. The visible lesions are not obvious, and in severe cases, liver enlargement and enteritis can be seen.

Prevention and treatment: ① Immunization of breeding chickens is an effective method, and immunization with drinking water at the age of 90 to 100 days is recommended. ② Pay attention to feeding management and ensure the supply of various vitamins.

10. Chicken dysentery (SP) is an extremely common infectious disease caused by Salmonella pullorum, and its excreta are an important vector of transmission. It can also be vertically transmitted through eggs.

Main symptoms and pathological changes: Chickens exhibit a lack of feed, fear of cold, curled up body, drooping wings, mental depression or drowsiness, discharge white, sticky or light yellow, light green loose stools, and sometimes their anus is blocked by hard lumps of feces, making it difficult to breathe. Adult chickens have no clinical symptoms, while a few severely infected chickens exhibit mental depression, yellow green or egg white like loose stools. The main lesions include enlarged and fragile liver and spleen, necrotic spots, dark red congestion or pale anemia in the kidneys, and often peritonitis. Egg laying hens show ovarian atrophy, egg degeneration, and diseased chickens stop laying eggs.

Prevention and control: ① Starting from breeding chickens, comprehensive prevention and control of chicken dysentery and individual quarantine and purification of breeding chickens should be carried out on the breeding chicken farm; ② Drug sensitivity tests should be conducted first for drug treatment, and generally, norfloxacin is more effective.

1、 Product Introduction:

Serving Anning Fermented Traditional Chinese Medicine Additive was developed by Yin Yulong, an academician of the CAE Member, and Zhang Ruihong, a professor of the Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering of the University of California, United States, through repeated tests. On the basis of rich in a variety of beneficial bacteria, this product combines various digestive enzymes, small peptides, oligosaccharides, Chinese herbal medicine and other bioactive substances required for animal growth and production, overcoming the lack of single nutrients, in order to comprehensively improve the production performance of animals.

2、 Product composition:

1. Chinese herbal medicines: motherwort, salvia miltiorrhiza, honeysuckle, hawthorn, Angelica sinensis, red peony, ox knee, indigo root, licorice, wood fragrance, orange peel, etc;

2. Beneficial bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium, yeast, etc;

3. Enzyme preparations: xylanase, protease, amylase, cellulase, pectinase, etc;

4. Oligosaccharides: yeast polysaccharides, chitosan, mannan, etc;

5. Bioactive peptides;

3、 Main functions and functions:

1. Improve feed conversion rate

This product is rich in various digestive enzymes and a large amount of beneficial bacteria. At the same time, beneficial bacteria can produce a large amount of enzyme preparations during the metabolic process, which can promote the digestion and absorption of feed by the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing feed conversion rate by 2-3% and reducing feed to egg ratio.

2. Reduce diseases and lower medication costs

The beneficial bacteria contained in this product can kill and inhibit harmful bacteria, and have a significant effect on killing Escherichia coli and Salmonella, thereby preventing the occurrence of digestive and respiratory diseases; At the same time, it can produce non-specific immune factors, improve the activity of macrophages, thereby enhancing the disease resistance, reducing the overall incidence rate by more than 60%, and saving a lot of drug costs.

3. Eliminating odors and improving the environment

This product can eliminate harmful gases such as ammonia in the chicken coop and reduce the concentration of ammonia in the coop; Summer and autumn can also reduce flies and maggots, thereby reducing the occurrence of respiratory diseases and improving the environment.

4. Anti stress

The use of this product can alleviate or eliminate stress reactions caused by various stress conditions such as long-distance transportation, nesting, material replacement, group transfer, epidemic prevention, beak breakage, high temperature, low temperature, etc. The summer heat stress resistance effect is particularly significant.

5. Adjusting the balance of gut microbiota, preventing the occurrence of intestinal diseases, has a special effect on stubborn diarrhea.

6. After 5-7 days of using this product, the color of the feces becomes darker, the feces dry and form, and the feed residue is significantly reduced;

7. After 5-7 days of use, the ammonia content in the chicken coop is significantly reduced, the odor is reduced, and the ammonia content can be reduced by more than 65%;

8. Significantly improving the quality of eggshells, with a darker color, redder and whiter, thicker eggshells, and a reduction of over 80% in egg breakage rate;

9. Egg yolks have a brighter color, reduced fishy smell, thick egg white, less water, and a cholesterol content reduction of over 80%;

10. Long term use can increase egg production rate by 2-10%, increase egg weight by 2-5%, increase total egg production by more than 10%, and extend peak periods by 1-2 months;

11. The fertilization rate, egg qualification rate, hatching rate, and survival rate of breeding chickens have all significantly increased;

12. Effectively adsorbing various toxins in feed, it has a strong decomposition effect on the deposition of toxins in livestock and poultry caused by feed mold.